Resolution 04-01  

State Regulation and Control of Psychoactive Substances

Whereas the Washington State Public Health Association, as part of a coalition of professional and civic organizations, has been promoting a public health approach to the chronic societal problem of substance abuse, encouraging public investment in research, education, prevention and treatment as a more effective alternative to the use of criminal sanctions; and

Whereas the coalition includes the King County Bar Association, the King County Medical Society, the Church Council of Greater Seattle, the Loren Miller Bar Association, the Municipal League of King County, the Seattle League of Women Voters, the Washington Academy of Family Physicians, the Washington Osteopathic Medical Association, Washington Physicians for Social Responsibility, the Washington Society of Addiction Medicine, the Washington State Bar Association, the Washington State Medical Association, the Washington State Pharmacy Association, the Washington State Psychiatric Association and the Washington State Psychological Association; and

Whereas the coalition has established over a dozen task forces and committees comprising hundreds of participants including lawyers, judges, doctors, pharmacists, law enforcement officers, elected and appointed public officials, health care professionals, drug treatment specialists, scholars, educators, leaders of civic organizations and others who, together with full-time professional staff, have spent thousands of hours over three years investigating and analyzing the problems arising from the prohibited use and sale of certain psychoactive substances, especially the problems arising from the operation of the illegal markets in which such substances are exclusively produced and distributed; and

Whereas the task forces and committees have concluded that current drug control policies are fundamentally lawed and have given rise to devastating societal impacts, including:

1. Rates of prohibited substance use and of crime related to prohibited substances that have failed to decline or have actually increased during the current period of intensified law enforcement and incarceration, including children experimenting with more dangerous substances at younger ages;

2. Soaring public costs on the federal, state and local levels arising from the continued use of harsh criminal sanctions related to prohibited psychoactive substances, contributing to the overcrowding of jails and prisons and draining public coffers of the resources needed for investment in local communities and for the provision of essential services;

3. Impaired administration of justice from the continuous flow of drug cases clogging the courts and causing undue and sometimes prejudicial delays in the investigation and prosecution of non-drug-related criminal matters and in the processing of civil matters;

4. Undermining of public health, including the transmission of blood-borne diseases, the uncontrolled distribution of impure and hazardous substances, and the development of  high-potency, synthetic substances that are more easily concealed but are more harmful to health, as well as the inhibition of users of prohibited substances from seeking medical attention for chemical dependency and addiction;

5. Adverse effects of drug law enforcement on vulnerable and unpopular groups in society through the disproportionate arrest and incarceration of ethnic minorities and the poor, causing the disruption of families and the interference with or denial of educational, employment and housing opportunities, and exacerbating the social conditions that are associated with chemical dependency and addiction;

6. Compromises in the protection of citizens’ constitutional rights as a result of stepped-up law enforcement and penalties related to prohibited substances, impinging upon individual privacy rights and depriving persons convicted of drug offenses of the right to vote and other civil rights; and

7. Loss of respect for the law arising from public sentiments that the dangers of certain prohibited substances are overstated, that the penalties are unjust and that the attempt to coerce abstinence through the use of criminal sanctions is a futile public objective.

Therefore Be It Resolved that the Washington State Public Health Association has concluded that the unrelenting demand for prohibited psychoactive substances has fostered and strengthened highly profitable illegal markets for the production and distribution of such substances, and that the operation of such illegal markets is a proximate cause of the devastating societal impacts enumerated above; and

Be It Further Resolved that WSPHA believes the establishment of a state-level system of regulatory control over psychoactive substances that are currently produced and distributed exclusively in illegal markets, intended to render such illegal markets unprofitable, restrict access to psychoactive substances by young persons and provide prompt health care and essential services to persons suffering from chemical dependency and addiction, will substantially reduce the negative impacts of current policies; and

Be It Further Resolved that, toward the objectives of reducing crime and improving public order, enhancing public health, better protecting children and using scarce public resources more wisely, the Washington State Public Health Association calls on the Washington State Legislature to take the following actions:

1. To establish regulatory systems and structures for the State of Washington to control psychoactive substances that are currently produced and distributed exclusively through illegal markets, including regulation of manufacturing, transportation, storage, purity and product safety, limitations on sale and other transfer, labeling, pricing and taxation, requirements of medical supervision, limits on advertising, and the civil and criminal enforcement of such regulations; and

2. To authorize a special consultative body comprised of experts in pharmacology, medicine, law and law enforcement, as well as public officials and civic leaders, including delegates from the leadership of each caucus in the House and Senate, to provide specific recommendations for legislation to accomplish the purposes set forth in paragraph (1) above and, in so doing, the consultative body shall address and consider, inter alia, the following:

a. The prohibition of and sanctions for the unlicensed manufacture of state controlled psychoactive substances;

b. The prohibition of and sanctions for the distribution or delivery of state controlled psychoactive substances by or to unauthorized persons;

c. The establishment of age-related restrictions on availability;

d. The determination of the degree to which state-controlled substances may be made available to authorized recipients and in what forms, concentrations and quantities; e. The determination of the degree to which medical supervision or other restrictions may be necessary to minimize the harm associated with the misuse of such substances;

f. The regulation of state-licensed facilities for state-controlled substances to eliminate incentives to promote the use of such substances or to divert them into an illegal market;

g. The prohibition or limitation of the display and use of state-controlled substances in some or all public places;

h. The prohibition or strict limitation of any commercial advertising or promotion of state-controlled substances, to the extent permitted by the First Amendment, and the promotion of publicly-sponsored counter advertisement to educate the public about the risks and potential harms from the use of such substances;

i. The provision of current, scientifically-based information to recipients of state-controlled substances, including counseling about the particular risks and adverse effects of the use of any such substance and about the availability of treatment for chemical dependency or addiction;

j. The dedication of net proceeds from the sale of state-controlled substances, and of net proceeds from the collection of civil and criminal penalties, for use by the State of Washington to invest in substance abuse prevention, treatment, research and education programs;

k. Pricing structures for state-controlled substances that compensate the state for the administration of the regulatory framework and that maximizing funding for prevention, treatment, research and education, while maintaining price levels low enough to render any illegal markets for such substances unprofitable; and

l. Provisions for ongoing regulatory oversight, civil and criminal enforcement, and legislative advice by the state agency or agencies charged with regulating state-controlled substances.

Be It Finally Resolved that the Washington State Public Health Association will transmit this resolution to the Washington State Legislature in advance of the 2005 legislative session and urges the Washington State Legislature to consider and enact the recommendations herein.

Signed by: Don Sloma, WSPHA President 2003-2004